Historical Relation of Saudi Arabia and Iran: An Analysis

Abstract

This study explores historical relations between Saudi Arabia and Iran, examining cultural and societal differences, analyzing implications for international organizations, and examining key events influencing the rivalry since the Iranian Revolution. Since the 1979 Iranian Revolution, Saudi-Iranian relations have been characterized by cooperation, competition, and occasional tensions, influenced by religious, ideological, and geopolitical factors, despite shared strategic interests. The study uses historical, descriptive, and analytical methods to analyze data on Saudi Arabia and Iran relations. It incorporates qualitative social science research techniques and secondary sources like expert opinions and official reports. Saudi-Iranian rivalry, rooted in religious, ideological, and geopolitical factors, has led to proxy conflicts in Syria, Yemen, and Iraq, requiring effective diplomacy and conflict resolution strategies for regional stability. Saudi Arabia and Iran should focus on diplomatic engagement, regional cooperation, humanitarian crises, economic diversification, international mediation, dialogue, and confidence-building measures, involving multilateral institutions for conflict resolution.