The Securitization of Sovereignty India-Pakistan Rivalry and the Expansion of Non-Traditional Security Paradigm

Abstract

Securitization refers to the process through which non-traditional security issues are deliberately made existential security threat by securitization actors, through speech acts, and demand extraordinary measures for the survival of the referent object with audience acceptance. Originating from the Copenhagen School, Securitization theory challenges traditional realist thoughts that limits security to military domain, highlighting that non- tradition threats can also endanger state survival. In the India-Pakistan Context, this study examines how sovereignty has been persistently securitized, turning it into a sensitive and contested issue despite both states have achieved minimum credible deterrence. It has sustained a perpetual security dilemma, huge trust-deficit and unending arms race that has led to economic strain and fragile diplomatic ties. Using qualitative methodology, the paper argues that de-securitizing sovereignty is crucial to reduce the security dilemma, alleviate mistrust and foster normalization, stability and enduring peace between the two rival states.