Uncovering Ceramic Craft of Indus Tradition: Analysis of Flanged Vessels from the Salt Range Musa Khel, Northern-Western Region of Greater Indus Valley

Abstract

This study examines flanged vessels from Musa Khel, a significant Indus Tradition site in the Salt Range, Greater Indus Valley. These vessels, notably prominent during the Early Harappan Kot Diji Phase (c. 3200-2600 BCE), are analyzed for their morphology, decoration, composition and cultural context. Despite their widespread presence, detailed studies in the Salt Range have been limited. Using a metric system and scales for description and frame work of Indus Tradition for chronological analysis, this research reveals the vessels' diverse, morphology, designs and likely local production. Their cultural context aligns with the Early to Late Kot Diji phase (c. 3200-2000 BCE), similar to findings at Gumla, Rehman Dheri, and Sarai Khola. The study emphasizes the importance of further investigation into these flanged vessels to provide new perspectives on the origins and development of the Indus Civilization.