The Influence of Loneliness and Social Support on Cognitive Function in the Elderly

Abstract

This study examined the relationships between loneliness, social support, and cognitive function in the elderly, focusing on whether loneliness negatively predicts cognitive decline and if social support acts as a protective factor. Cognitive decline is a major challenge in aging, with loneliness and social support playing crucial roles. Understanding these factors is vital for promoting healthy cognitive aging. A sample of 200 elderly participants was assessed using the UCLA Loneliness Scale, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analyses were conducted. Loneliness negatively correlated with cognitive function (r = -0.45, p < .001), while social support was positively correlated (r = 0.39, p < .001). Regression analysis confirmed these relationships. Loneliness is linked to cognitive decline, while social support buffers against it, underscoring the need for interventions to enhance social connections in the elderly. Based on these findings, it is recommended to develop and implement targeted interventions, such as social engagement programs and support networks, to reduce loneliness and enhance social support among the elderly, thereby promoting better cognitive health.