Translation and Validation of the Extremism Scale in Urdu A Measure of Non-Violent Ideological Beliefs

Sanam Younis; Humaira Jami; Aasia Khan

doi:10.35484/ahss.2024(5-III)65

Authors

Sanam Younis Ph. D. Scholar National Institute of Psychology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Dr. Humaira Jami Assistant Professor National Institute of Psychology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Aasia Khan Senior Lecturer, Department of Applied Psychology, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35484/ahss.2024(5-III)65

Keywords:

Cultural Adaptation, Extremism Scale, Urdu Translation, Validation, Young Adults

Abstract

The primary focus of this research is to translate and validate the Extremism Scale (ES) into Urdu language. ES reflects that extremism is an ideological concept and a belief distinct from violent or criminal actions. To understand the prevalence of non-violent extremist beliefs in indigenous context, ES (developed in English language) need to be translated into Urdu language. Brislin’s translation guidelines were utilized to ensure linguistic and cultural precision while translating the scale from English to Urdu language. Results revealed that the Urdu version of the ES had linguistic clarity and achieved idiomatic, semantic, and conceptual equivalence as that of the original English version of the ES. Average Variance Estimate (AVE) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) showed satisfactory values affirming the validity of the scale and Cronbach’s alpha value (α = .89) indicated good reliability. It is recommended to test and validate ES in contexts and populations that are more prone to extremism.