The Impact of Iqbal's European Sojourn on his Poetry and Thoughts

Abstract

The objective of this study is to find out the rationale of how Muslim Civilization had a significant impact on Europe during its peak, leading to the Renaissance and the rise of the West in various disciplines. Today, Western civilization has a significant influence on Muslims, particularly in philosophy and science. Muhammad Iqbal, a South Asian poet-philosopher, criticized Western political, social, and economic ideologies for their lack of moral and human elements. This study explores the shortcomings of Western culture and ideologies and their destructive effects on mankind, revealing the materialistic and imperialistic nature of the West, which has caused slavery, class conflict, and poverty while neglecting moral and human values. the descriptive cum analytical method has been used. Primary and secondary sources for the research have been consulted to support my hypothesis. He synthesized Western philosophies with his Islamic heritage, promoting self-realization and exploring human consciousness. His poetry combines Eastern mysticism and Western Romanticism, advocating for Islamic revival and preserving cultural heritage.