Ecological Exploitation in the Thar Desert: A Theoretical Analysis of the Thar Coal Project

Abstract

The objectives of this study, is examined what are the ecological implications of this project through the theoretical study to find out view of Marxism, and its impact on land, water, atmosphere, and the local people. The environmental degradation caused by the coal excavation and the combustion process, emphasizing the connection between environmental destruction and capitalist accumulation, arguing that resource extraction prioritizes profit over ecological sustainability and social well-being. Employing a mixed-method approach, this study combines qualitative interviews with residents and quantitative data analysis of environmental impact assessments. Thematic analysis of interview data sheds light on community perceptions and experiences, while environmental data provides insights into the project's ecological footprint. Results: The analysis suggests the project exacerbates existing inequalities and environmental vulnerabilities in Tharparkar. This aligns with Marx's notion of primitive accumulation, where capitalist development often relies on the exploitation of resources and labor in peripheral regions. Through a Marxist lens, the Thar Coal Project emerges as a stark illustration of the ecological contradictions inherent in capitalist development. While promising economic growth, it risks perpetuating environmental inequalities and social injustices, further marginalizing vulnerable communities. This study calls for a critical reevaluation of the project's true costs and a shift towards sustainable and equitable development models that prioritize ecological well-being and social justice.